Minggu, 29 Juni 2014

STYLE IN WRITTEN ENGLISH

Question Tags 
(Pertanyaan Tegas) adalah suatu pertanyaan  pendek di akhir kalimat pernyataan yang berfungsi untuk mempertegas pernyataan yang bersangkutan.
Contoh :
-          He is a doctor, isn’t he?
-          You are not happy, are you?
-          Mary isn’t here, is she? 

Participal Adjective 
adalah adjective (kata sifat) yang berbentuk V+ing  (Present Participle) dan V+ed (Past Participle).
Contoh :
-          Joy is tired because she had a tiring day.
-          The direction to the hotel was confusing. The driver was confused.
-          So much work was overwhelming. The staff are overwhelmed.

Redundancy 
adalah kata-kata yang tidak perlu dalam sebuah kalimat. Redundancy adalah pengulangan ide yang tidak perlu.
1. Penggunaan kata atau frase yang tidak perlu.
-          Redundant : The room was red in colour.
-          Benar : The room was red
2. Pengulangan noun atau pronoun yang tidak perlu.
-          Redundant :.Thelma she ran into her room and slammed the door.
-          Benar : Thelma ran into her room and slammed the door.
3. Penggunaan frase yang terlalu boros yang sebenarnya ada adverb yang bisa digunakan.
-          Wordy : He looked at me in a threatening manner.
-          Padat   : He looked at me threateningly.
Sumber : Fanani, Achmad. ,2009. Tips-tips terbaik lolos TOEFL, Jogjakarta: Mitra Pelajar.

Sequence Of Tenses
1. Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara berurutan langsung, maka tenses yang dipakai adalahsimple past dan simple past.
Ciri-ciri : tidak ada jeda waktu dan biasanya ada sebab akibat
Contoh :
-          after he closed the door, he went to bed
-          After she arrived, the bus left
Conjunction : after, before, when, as soon as
2.  Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara berurutan tidak langsung, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past perfect dan simple past.
Ciri-ciri : kejadian mana yang pertama dalam kalimat itu menggunakan past perfect,dan     kejadian yang kedua menggunakan past tense.      
Contoh :
-          they went on holiday after they had taken an exam
-          Before the police came, the thief had left
Conjunction : as soon as, after, before, when
3.  Apabila ada kejadian pertama sudah berlangsung beberapa saat pada durasi waktu tertentu ketika kejadian kedua terjadi, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past perfect continuous dan simple past.
Contoh:  
-          when I visited her yesterday, she had been studying for two hours
-          They had been playing futsal for an hour when we came
4. Apabila kejadian pertama berlangsung ketika kejadian kedua terjadi, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past continuous dan simple past.
Contoh :  
-          I was watching TV while she knocked at the door
-          I was writing a letter when my mother called me
Conjunction : when, while, as
5.  Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara bersamaan maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past continuous dan past continuous.
Contoh:
-           my father was reading magazine while my mother was cooking
-          I was studying when my brother was sleeping

Indirect Object
adalah nounpronoun, atau noun substitute yang menerangkan untuk siapa atau apa sesuatu dilakukan oleh action verb. Objek ini menjawab pertanyaan “to/for whom” atau “to/for what”. Suatu kata kerja diikuti indirect object hanya jika memiliki direct object. Kedua objek tersebut selalu orang, tempat, benda, binatang, maupun hal yang berbeda.
Contoh :
-          The manager gave him no choice. –> Gave no choice to whom?
-          My uncle donated his salary to charity. –> Donated his salary to what

sumber
http://diditputrapamungkas.blogspot.com/

Minggu, 15 Juni 2014

PASSIVE VOICE


Active
Passive
Simple Present
S + do/does + not + V1
S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
Simple Past
S + did + not + V1
S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
Simple future
S + will + not + V1 + O
S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O
Present countinous
S + to be (am, are, is) +  not + V1-ing
S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Past countinous
S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O
S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Future continous
S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O
S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Present perfect
S + have/has + not + V3 + O
S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O
Past perfect
S + had + not + V3 + O
S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O
Future perfect
S + will + not + have + V3 + O
S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O


1.      Active = once a month, conte brings the team to the beach.
Pasive = once a month, the team is brought to the beach by conte.
SIMPLE PRESENT
2.     Active = Ali is writing a letter right now.
Pasive = the letter is being written by Ali now.
PRESENT CONTINOUS
3.      Active = Gio repaired the computer which is located in the living room
Pasive = the computer which is located in the living room was repaired by Gio.
SIMPLE PAST
4.     Active = The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.
Pasive =  The Customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
PAST CONTINOUS
5.      Active = Many basketball players have trained that kind of dribble style.
PASIVE = that kind of dribble style have been trained by many basketball players.
(PRESENT PERFECT)
6.    Active = Otong and vicky had repaired many cars before they received their mechanic license.
Pasive = many cars had been repaired by otong and vicky before they received their mechanic,
PAST PERFECT
7.      Active = Chef ferara will finish the dish by 05.00 PM
PASIVE = the dish will be finished by chef Ferara by 05.00 PM.
SIMPLE FUTURE
8.      Active = Burgerkill will be performing a song entitled “tiga titik hitam” on the stage at 08.00 PM.
PASSIVE = a song entitled will be performed by Burgerkill on the stage at 08.00 PM.
FUTURE CONTINOUS
9.      Active = They will have completed the project before the deadline.
Pasive = the project will have been completed by them before the deadline.
FUTURE PERFECT
10.   Active = The lead guitarist of flashgod apocalypse smashed his guitar in their last concert.
 PASIVE = the guitar was smashed by the lead guitarist of flashgod apoccalypse in their last  concert
SIMPLE PAST

 PASSIVE VOICE
Active
Passive
Simple Present
S + do/does + not + V1
S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
Simple Past
S + did + not + V1
S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
Simple future
S + will + not + V1 + O
S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O
Present countinous
S + to be (am, are, is) +  not + V1-ing
S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Past countinous
S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O
S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Future continous
S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O
S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Present perfect
S + have/has + not + V3 + O
S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O
Past perfect
S + had + not + V3 + O
S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O
Future perfect
S + will + not + have + V3 + O
S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O


1.      Active = once a month, conte brings the team to the beach.
Pasive = once a month, the team is brought to the beach by conte.
SIMPLE PRESENT
2.     Active = Ali is writing a letter right now.
Pasive = the letter is being written by Ali now.
PRESENT CONTINOUS
3.      Active = Gio repaired the computer which is located in the living room
Pasive = the computer which is located in the living room was repaired by Gio.
SIMPLE PAST
4.     Active = The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.
Pasive =  The Customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
PAST CONTINOUS
5.      Active = Many basketball players have trained that kind of dribble style.
PASIVE = that kind of dribble style have been trained by many basketball players.
(PRESENT PERFECT)
6.    Active = Otong and vicky had repaired many cars before they received their mechanic license.
Pasive = many cars had been repaired by otong and vicky before they received their mechanic,
PAST PERFECT
7.      Active = Chef ferara will finish the dish by 05.00 PM
PASIVE = the dish will be finished by chef Ferara by 05.00 PM.
SIMPLE FUTURE
8.      Active = Burgerkill will be performing a song entitled “tiga titik hitam” on the stage at 08.00 PM.
PASSIVE = a song entitled will be performed by Burgerkill on the stage at 08.00 PM.
FUTURE CONTINOUS
9.      Active = They will have completed the project before the deadline.
Pasive = the project will have been completed by them before the deadline.
FUTURE PERFECT
10.   Active = The lead guitarist of flashgod apocalypse smashed his guitar in their last concert.
 PASIVE = the guitar was smashed by the lead guitarist of flashgod apoccalypse in their last  concert
SIMPLE PAST

sumber :
http://kyacizz.blogspot.com/2014/06/passive-voice.html